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The term "proxy" is a reference to proxy servers. A proxy or proxy server. A proxy server is software that acts in the middle between server and client on the internet. Without a proxy, the client could make a request for a source direct to a server, and it would then serve the requested resource directly back towards the customer. This is not difficult to understand and implement. adding proxies provides advantages through improved efficiency, privacy, security as well as many other benefits. As a pass-through layer, proxies serve as a security barrier on the internet between clients and servers.

In general, the set of hardware used by servers and proxy software installed is commonly described as proxy servers. However, this article will focus on proxy servers which are generally described in terms of software and those that are used in conjunction with web servers. This article will give an explanation of the two major kinds that are available, which include the forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own specific usage that can cause confusion due to the overlapping terminology.

This article will provide an idea of the what proxies as well as their subtypes are and also their value in the typical configurations. If you read this article, you'll be able to identify situations where an effective proxy is useful, and choose the best option for you between reverse proxy and forward proxy, in any scenario.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Also forward proxy also known as open proxy open proxy is an agent for the user trying to transmit the request online an server. In this scenario, every attempt to send requests by the client will rather be directed via an forward proxy. In this case, the forward proxy acting in the client's stead, will look into the request. At the beginning it will decide if it is allowed to send requests to this particular forward proxy. Then, it will either reject requests or redirect it to its source server. The client doesn't have a an internet connection directly and has access to only what forward proxy allows for it to join.

The most common reason for using forward proxy servers is more privacy or protection on the internet. Forward proxy accesses the internet for an individual client, and in this way it can make use of an IP address that is distinct from the original IP address of the client.

Depending on how it's been configured depending on the way it's set up, forward proxy could perform a variety of functions as well as the capability of:

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  Beware of Ad-trackers.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You can determine limitations based on your location.
  
  

Forward proxies can also be utilized in systems that provide central security as well as access based on permissions, such as, in a workplace. If all internet traffic flows through a common forward proxy layer, administrators may allow only a handful of clients access to the internet which is filtered by an common firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls for the client layer, which can be used by multiple computer that have different configurations, users and environments, a firewall can be added to this forward proxy layer.

Remember the fact that forward proxy servers need to be manually configured before they can be utilized while reverse proxy servers could be disregarded by clients. Based on the fact that the IP address of the client is sent to the origin server by the forward proxy privacy and anonymity could be granted or kept in the dark.

There are many options to take into consideration for forward proxies.

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  Apache The Apache is a well-known open-source web server which provides forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another well-known open-source webserver that comes with forward proxy capability.
  
  
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  Squid is an open-source forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide the full web server system. We recommend you read our article on the best method to install Squid proxy to connect private networks for Ubuntu 20.04. Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante forward proxy which runs the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP this makes it better suited for scenarios such as peer-to-peer traffic. You could also look into how to configure Dante proxy for secure connections within Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy functions as an agent for a web server. It handles requests made by clients on its behalf. This web server can serve as a single server, or a number of servers. Additionally, it can comprise an application server, such as Gunicorn. In either case, a request could originate from a user on the internet at large. Typically, the request will be sent directly to the server on the internet which holds the information that the user is seeking. A reverse proxy is a intermediary, separating the web server from direct contact with the open internet.

From the viewpoint of the client, interacting using reverse proxy isn't any different from interacting directly with an internet server. It's the same thing but the client can't discern the distinction. The client makes a request for an item and receives it, with no additional configuration needed from the user.

Reverse proxy providers provide features like:

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  Centralized security on webservers.
  
  
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  The routing of traffic inbound is according to rules that you can set up.
  
  
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  Additional features to cache data.
  
  

While central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy servers, reverse proxies offer this benefit to the layer that is on the webserver and not the client layer. In lieu of the maintenance of firewalls at the server layer which could comprise several servers with different configurations, the majority of firewall security could be focused at the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, taking the burden of dealing with firewalls and communicating with requests from clients off web servers allows the firewall to concentrate on providing resources.

If there are multiple servers that are running through a reverse proxy the reverse proxy may also be responsible for directing what requests are directed to which servers. There could be multiple web servers running from the same host, each providing different types of resources or a mixture of the two. The servers employ the HTTP protocol to perform the role of an ordinary web server. However, they can be equipped with application server protocols like FastCGI. You can set up reverse proxy that directs the clients to specific servers in accordance with the requested resource or to comply with specific rules for the traffic load.

Reverse proxies also have the ability to take advantage of their position before web servers through caching capabilities. Massive static resources can be configured with caching policies to avoid the web server from being hit with every request, with some solutions that allow you to serve static content without having to connect to the website server at all. Furthermore the reverse proxy can be capable of handling compression of these assets.

The popular Nginx web server can also function as a powerful reverse proxy service. Even though Apache is also an alternative to reverse proxy, it is not the only one. Apache website server additionally comes with reverse proxy functions, which can be a second option for Apache and Nginx was originally designed to and focuses on reverse proxy capabilities.

Distinguishing Forward and Reverse Proxy Use Situations

Since "forward" or "reverse" are associated with the notion of directionality and false comparisons with "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic, the labels can be confusing since both types of proxy are able to handle requests as well as respond. In addition, the most effective method to differentiate between the reverse as well as forward proxy services is to think about the needs of the application that you're developing.

Reverse proxy is beneficial when you're developing an application that can serve web-based applications via the internet. They serve as your web servers in any interactions through the Internet.

A forward proxy is helpful when it is used before clients for personal use, or even in a business setting. They act as a representative of your customers in any interactions on the internet.

A case-based distinction instead of focusing solely on common naming conventions will help you in avoidance of confusion.

Conclusion

This article describes what a "proxy" is with the two types that are the reverse proxy and forward proxy. Practical scenarios for use and an exploration of advantageous features were used to distinguish the two types of proxy that are reverse and forward. If you're looking for ways to implement proxies you can look up our guide on how to set up Nginx as reverse and web server proxy on Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 Server.

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